Linux Docker Kubernetes

Kubernetes Dashboard 2.10 尝鲜记

Posted by Mike on 2020-12-29

简介

Kubernetes Dashboard 是 Kubernetes 集群的基于 Web 的通用 UI。它允许用户管理在群集中运行的应用程序并对其进行故障排除，以及管理群集本身。最近推出了 v2.1.0 版本，这里在 Kubernetes 中部署一下，尝试看看新版本咋样。

兼容性

Kubernetes版本 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20
兼容性 ？ ？ ？ ✓
  • ✕ 不支持的版本范围。
  • ✓ 完全支持的版本范围。
  • ? 由于Kubernetes API版本之间的重大更改，某些功能可能无法在仪表板中正常运行。

部署 Kubernetes Dashboard

注意：如果 “kube-system” 命名空间已经存在 Kubernetes-Dashboard 相关资源，请换成别的 Namespace。

系统环境

  • Kubernetes 版本：1.20.1
  • kubernetes-dashboard 版本：v2.1.0

部署文件

完整部署文件 Github 地址：https://github.com/my-dlq/blog-example/tree/master/kubernetes/kubernetes-dashboard2.1.0-deploy

1、Dashboard RBAC

创建 Dashboard RBAC 部署文件

k8s-dashboard-rbac.yaml

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apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: Role
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["secrets"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"]
    verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["configmaps"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
    verbs: ["get", "update"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["proxy"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services/proxy"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["get"]
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  - apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kube-system

部署 Dashboard RBAC

1
$ kubectl apply -f k8s-dashboard-rbac.yaml

2、创建 ConfigMap、Secret

创建 Dashboard Config & Secret 部署文件

k8s-dashboard-configmap-secret.yaml

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apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf
  namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque
data:
  csrf: ""
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
  namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings
  namespace: kube-system

部署 Dashboard Config & Secret

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$ kubectl apply -f k8s-dashboard-configmap-secret.yaml

3、kubernetes-dashboard

创建 Dashboard Deploy 部署文件

k8s-dashboard-deploy.yaml

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## Dashboard Service
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 443
      nodePort: 30001
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
---
## Dashboard Deployment
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      containers:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard
          image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.1.0
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8443
              protocol: TCP
          args:
            - --auto-generate-certificates
            - --namespace=kube-system          #设置为当前部署的Namespace
          resources:
            limits:
              cpu: 1000m
              memory: 512Mi
            requests:
              cpu: 1000m
              memory: 512Mi
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTPS
              path: /
              port: 8443
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          volumeMounts:
            - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
              mountPath: /certs
            - name: tmp-volume
              mountPath: /tmp
            - name: localtime
              readOnly: true
              mountPath: /etc/localtime
      volumes:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          secret:
            secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}
        - name: localtime
          hostPath:
            type: File
            path: /etc/localtime
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule

部署 Dashboard Deploy

1
$ kubectl apply -f k8s-dashboard-deploy.yaml

4、创建 kubernetes-metrics-scraper

创建 Dashboard Metrics 部署文件

k8s-dashboard-metrics.yaml

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## Dashboard Metrics Service
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 8000
      targetPort: 8000
  selector:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
---
## Dashboard Metrics Deployment
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
      annotations:
        seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod: 'runtime/default'
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      containers:
        - name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
          image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.6
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8000
              protocol: TCP
          resources:
            limits:
              cpu: 1000m
              memory: 512Mi
            requests:
              cpu: 1000m
              memory: 512Mi
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTP
              path: /
              port: 8000
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /tmp
            name: tmp-volume
          - name: localtime
            readOnly: true
            mountPath: /etc/localtime
      volumes:
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}
        - name: localtime
          hostPath:
            type: File
            path: /etc/localtime
      nodeSelector:
        "beta.kubernetes.io/os": linux
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule

部署 Dashboard Metrics

1
$ kubectl apply -f k8s-dashboard-metrics.yaml

5、创建访问的 ServiceAccount

创建一个绑定 admin 权限的 ServiceAccount，获取其 Token 用于访问看板。

创建 Dashboard ServiceAccount 部署文件

k8s-dashboard-token.yaml

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kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: admin
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: admin
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: admin
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile

部署访问的 ServiceAccount

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$ kubectl apply -f k8s-dashboard-token.yaml

获取 Token

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$ kubectl describe secret/$(kubectl get secret -n kube-system |grep admin|awk '{print $1}') -n kube-system

token：

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eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IiJ9.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi10b2tlbi1iNGo0aCIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbiIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50LnVpZCI6IjkwMTQzMWYxLTVmNGItMTFlOS05Mjg3LTAwMGMyOWQ5ODY5NyIsInN1YiI6InN5c3RlbTpzZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudDprdWJlLXN5c3RlbTphZG1pbiJ9.iwE1UdhB78FgXZJh4ByyOZVNh7M1l2CmOOevihOrY9tl_Z5sf3i_04CA33xA2LAMg7WNVYPjGB7vszBlkQyDGw0H5kJzIfL1YnR0JeLQkNk3v9TLyRqKJA2n8pxmJQIJP1xq0OPRGOfcA_n_c5qESs9QFHejVc5vABim8VBGX-pefKoJVXgu3r4w8gr1ORn4l5-LtHdQjSz3Dys7HwZo71fX2aLQR5bOPurkFKXqymcUoBYpWVsf-0cyN7hLRO-x-Z1i-uVpdM8ClpYSHv49eoDJePrcWpRp-Ryq6SNpGhiqCjjifEQAVHbr36QSAx8I1aamqLcpA0Da2qnunw52JA

登录新版本 Dashboard 查看

​ 本人的 Kubernetes 集群地址为”192.168.2.11”并且在 Service 中设置了 NodePort 端口为 30001 和类型为 NodePort 方式访问 Dashboard ，所以访问地址：https://192.168.2.11:30001 进入 Kubernetes Dashboard 页面，然后输入上一步中创建的 ServiceAccount 的 Token 进入 Dashboard，可以看到新的 Dashboard。

fVBrYD-2020-12-29-OYaZah

​ 跟上一个版本比较，整体资源的显示位置，增加对 1.20 版本的支持等：

VFwBYI-2020-12-29-89sGmV

部署 Metrics Server 为 Dashboard 提供指标数据

Dashboard 已经部署完成，不过登录 Dashboard 后可以看到：

img

这些栏数据显示都是空，这是由于 Dashboard 的指标部署需要从 Metrics Server 中获取，Dashboard 该版本另一个组件 kubernetes-metrics-scraper 就是用于从 Metrics Server 获取指标的适配器。之前我们已经部署 kubernetes-metrics-scraper 组件，接下来只要再部署 Metrics Server 组件就能获取系统指标数据，供 Dashboard 绘制图形，部署 Metrics Server 可以参考：

当按照上面部署完成后，等一段时间，再刷新 Dashboard 界面，可以观察到如下界面：

RW4Yyd-2020-12-29-zQ64cm

IIZh3v-2020-12-29-Zgf3DB

本文转载自：「小豆丁个人博客」，原文：http://www.mydlq.club/article/99/，版权归原作者所有。欢迎投稿，投稿邮箱: editor@hi-linux.com。

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